Definition
What is autism? Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, social interactions, and behavior. It is a spectrum disorder, which means it affects individuals in different ways and to different degrees. Symptoms of this disorder can include difficulties with social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviors, and a lack of interest in activities that would normally interest other people.
Causes
The exact cause of autism is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Research has shown that there is a strong genetic component to autism, with many genes likely contributing to the development of this disorder.
Diagnostics
Autism is usually diagnosed in early childhood, usually between the ages of 2 and 3. Diagnosis is based on observing the child’s behavior and development, as well as input from those closest to him.
Types
Autism is divided into several types, namely: Classic, Asperger Syndrome, Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD-NOS), or Rett Syndrome.
- Classic is the most common type of autism, which is characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behavior.
- Asperger Syndrome is similar to autism, but individuals with Asperger Syndrome have a normal or above-average IQ.
- PDD-NOS is a type of this disorder that does not meet the diagnostic criteria for Classic Autism or Asperger Syndrome.
- Rett syndrome is a rare condition characterized by rapid developmental regression after a period of normal development.
How to Treat
Treatment for autism usually includes a combination of therapies, such as speech and occupational therapy, as well as behavioral therapy. Medications may also be used to treat specific symptoms, such as anxiety or hyperactivity. Early intervention is important for children with these disorders, as it can greatly improve their chances of developing the skills necessary for success in school and in life.
How to Support a Child
Parents and families can support children with these disorders by:
- Provides emotional support and social skills during social interactions
- Make a treatment plan that is tailored to the needs of the child
- Look for educational programs that suit the needs of children
- Find a support community to share information and support with others who have a child with autism
- Find a therapist with experience in treating autism.
Education of Children
The education of children with autism is very important to improve social skills, communication, and independence. Some educational approaches that can be used for children with this disorders include:
- Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) Approach
- Social Interaction Therapy Approach
- Approaches to Art and Music Therapy
- Occupational Therapy Approach
Conclusion
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, social interactions, and behavior. This is a spectrum disorder that can affect each individual in different ways. Treatment for this disorder includes a combination of therapy and medication, and early intervention is very important for children with this disorder.
Parents and families can support children with these disorders by providing emotional support and social skills, finding appropriate educational programs, and seeking community support. The education of children with this disorder is also very important to improve social skills, communication, and independence.